1970\u2019lerin sonu T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in karanl\u0131k y\u0131llard\u0131. Enflasyon y\u00fczde y\u00fczlere dayanm\u0131\u015f, kuyruklar uzam\u0131\u015f, i\u015fsizlik t\u0131rmanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 se\u00e7imi T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisi\u2019nde 115 turda sonu\u00e7suz kalm\u0131\u015f, Ecevit-Demirel \u00e7eki\u015fmesi kilidi \u00e7\u00f6zememi\u015ftir. Sokaklar sa\u011f ve sol kamplara b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f, her g\u00fcn ortalama 15 ki\u015fi, politik cinayetlerde hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybeder hale gelmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n
Devlet otoritesi zay\u0131flad\u0131k\u00e7a silahlar konu\u015fuyor, \u00fcniversiteler kapan\u0131yor, kentler \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma alan\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fcyordu. Askerler bu ortam\u0131 \u2018\u00fclkeyi kaostan kurtarma\u2019 gerek\u00e7esiyle m\u00fcdahale nedeni yapt\u0131. Fakat darbenin ger\u00e7ek hedefi sadece sokaktaki \u015fiddet de\u011fil, \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc halk hareketleri idi. Sol partiler, sendikalar, demokratik kitle \u00f6rg\u00fctleri ve gen\u00e7lik, darbeyi en a\u011f\u0131r hisseden kesimler oldu.<\/p>\n
KARANLIK RAKAMLAR VE D\u0130YARBAKIR\u2019IN ACISI<\/strong><\/p>\n 12 Eyl\u00fcl\u2019\u00fcn bilan\u00e7osu, yaln\u0131zca bir \u2018idare de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi\u2019 de\u011fil, toplumsal bir felaketti: 650 bin ki\u015fi g\u00f6zalt\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131, 1 milyon 683 bin ki\u015fi fi\u015flendi, 210 bin dava a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131, 98 bin ki\u015fi \u00f6rg\u00fct \u00fcyeli\u011fi su\u00e7lamas\u0131yla yarg\u0131land\u0131, 517 ki\u015fiye idam cezas\u0131 verildi, 50\u2019si infaz edildi. 171 ki\u015finin i\u015fkenceden \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc resmen belgelendi, y\u00fczlercesi sakat kald\u0131, binlercesi kayboldu. 30 bine yak\u0131n ki\u015fi pasaport alamad\u0131, 30 bin ki\u015fi yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131na siyasi m\u00fclteci olarak gitti. 400 gazeteci hakk\u0131nda toplam 4 bin y\u0131la yak\u0131n hapis cezas\u0131 istendi, 300\u2019\u00fc tutukland\u0131; 39 ton kitap ve dergi \u2018sak\u0131ncal\u0131\u2019 diye imha edildi. Bu rakamlar\u0131n her biri bir insan hikayesi demekti. 17 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki Erdal Eren’in idam\u0131, d\u00f6nemin gen\u00e7 ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in kapanmayan bir yara olarak kald\u0131.<\/p>\n Darbenin en korkun\u00e7 y\u00fcz\u00fc ise Diyarbak\u0131r’daki 5 No\u2019lu Cezaevinde g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. Buraya getirilen binlerce tutukluya sistematik i\u015fkence yap\u0131ld\u0131. Elektrik verme, falaka, k\u00f6pekli sald\u0131r\u0131lar, d\u0131\u015fk\u0131 yedirme gibi insanl\u0131k d\u0131\u015f\u0131 y\u00f6ntemler g\u00fcnl\u00fck rutin haline geldi.<\/p>\n Mahkumlara zorla \u2018T\u00fcrk\u00fcm, do\u011fruyum\u2019 and\u0131 okutuldu, K\u00fcrt\u00e7e konu\u015fmak yasakt\u0131. Y\u00fczlerce ki\u015fi burada ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 yitirdi, y\u00fczlercesi sakat kald\u0131. Tan\u0131klar\u0131n anlatt\u0131klar\u0131 bug\u00fcn bile insan\u0131n kan\u0131n\u0131 donduruyor. Diyarbak\u0131r 5 No\u2019lu, sadece bir cezaevi de\u011fil, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin haf\u0131zas\u0131nda bir utan\u00e7 m\u00fczesidir. Merkez Ba\u011flar il\u00e7esinde bulunan bu cezaevi t\u00fcm taleplere ra\u011fmen \u2018Utan\u00e7 M\u00fczesi\u2019 yerine \u2018\u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 M\u00fczesi\u2019ne d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n B\u0130TMEYEN ANAYASA VE DEMOKRAS\u0130 DERS\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n Darbenin en kal\u0131c\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc, 7 Kas\u0131m 1982\u2019de referanduma sunulan 1982 Anayasas\u0131 oldu. Y\u00fczde 91 oyla kabul edilen bu metin, s\u0131k\u0131y\u00f6netim ko\u015fullar\u0131nda, sans\u00fcrl\u00fc bir ortamda, \u2018evet\u2019 demenin tek se\u00e7enek oldu\u011fu bir atmosferde onayland\u0131.<\/p>\n Anayasa, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckleri s\u0131n\u0131rlayan maddeleriyle siyasi hayat\u0131 dar bir \u00e7er\u00e7eveye hapsetti: Y\u00fczde 10 se\u00e7im baraj\u0131, sendikalar\u0131n grev haklar\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131s\u0131tlanmas\u0131, Milli G\u00fcvenlik Kurulu\u2019nun sivil siyaset \u00fczerindeki vesayeti\u2026<\/p>\n Bug\u00fcn siyaset\u00e7iler \u2018sivil ve demokratik yeni anayasadan\u2019 s\u00f6z etse de 43 y\u0131ld\u0131r bu metin k\u00f6kl\u00fc bi\u00e7imde de\u011fi\u015ftirilemedi. Bunun nedeni sadece askeri miras de\u011fil; ayn\u0131 zamanda koltu\u011fa oturan her iktidar\u0131n bu anayasay\u0131 kendi g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc korumak i\u00e7in elveri\u015fli bulmas\u0131d\u0131r. Yani askerin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 anayasaya dokunmamak, sadece darbecilerin de\u011fil, sivillerin de i\u015fine geldi.<\/p>\n Kenan Evren ve d\u00f6nemin kuvvet komutanlar\u0131, ancak 2010 referandumundan sonra yarg\u0131 \u00f6n\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131labildi. 2014\u2019te m\u00fcebbet hapis cezas\u0131 ald\u0131lar, fakat karar kesinle\u015fmeden Kenan Evren ve Tahsin \u015eahinkaya \u00f6ld\u00fc. Bu bile darbenin toplum \u00fczerindeki derin izlerinin hala silinmedi\u011finin g\u00f6stergesidir.<\/p>\n Bug\u00fcn halk\u0131n beklentisi ise a\u00e7\u0131k: Temel hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckleri g\u00fcvenceye alan, barajlar\u0131 kald\u0131ran, yarg\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan, iktidar\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131ran ger\u00e7ek bir sivil anayasa\u2026<\/p>\n Ama siyasi partiler bu konuda samimi bir ortak irade g\u00f6stermedik\u00e7e darbenin g\u00f6lgesi kalkm\u0131yor. 12 Eyl\u00fcl, bize demokrasinin bir kez kazan\u0131l\u0131p sonsuza dek elde tutulacak bir nimet olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011fretti. Sand\u0131k kadar sivil topluma, hukuka ve \u00f6zg\u00fcr d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceye sahip \u00e7\u0131kmak, darbe zihniyetinin panzehiridir.<\/p>\n B\u0130R D\u0130PNOT:<\/strong> Ge\u00e7en hafta Diyarbak\u0131r ve Van\u2019daki kald\u0131r\u0131m i\u015fgallerini kaleme alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131m. Ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m mailler ve telefonlar, hem Diyarbak\u0131rl\u0131lar\u0131n, hem de Vanl\u0131lar\u0131n bu konudan \u00e7ok muzdarip oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n Van B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediyesi yetkilileri yaz\u0131y\u0131 okumu\u015f olacaklar ki, sosyal medya payla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131ndan g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm kadar\u0131 ile hemen harekete ge\u00e7erek, kentin baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerinde (\u0130kinisan Caddesinde) kald\u0131r\u0131m i\u015fgaline kar\u015f\u0131 denetimlere ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f. Fakat yine g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm kadar\u0131yla bu alelacele g\u00f6stermelik yap\u0131ld\u0131 izlenimi veriyor. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc o g\u00fcnden sonra en az\u0131ndan ben yeni bir denetim g\u00f6rmedim-duymad\u0131m. Ayr\u0131ca say\u0131n yetkililer Van sadece \u0130kinisan Caddesinden ibarette de\u011fil. Vanl\u0131lar, sizlerden denetimlerin sonu\u00e7 odakl\u0131 olmas\u0131n\u0131 bekliyor.<\/p>\n Bu arada Diyarbak\u0131r B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediyesinden ise, ses-seda \u00e7\u0131kmad\u0131. San\u0131r\u0131m kald\u0131r\u0131m i\u015fgalinden memnunlar veya oy kayg\u0131s\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in oral\u0131 olmuyorlar. Unutmay\u0131n; sizleri o makamlara getirinler bu t\u00fcr kanayan yaralara \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm bulman\u0131z\u0131 bekliyor.<\/p>\n Sevgiyle kal\u0131n.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti, kurulu\u015fundan bu yana darbelerle s\u0131nanm\u0131\u015f bir \u00fclkedir. 27 May\u0131s 1960, 12 Mart 1971, 12 Eyl\u00fcl 1980, 28 \u015eubat 1997, 27 Nisan 2007 ve 15 Temmuz 2016\u2026 Neredeyse her on y\u0131lda bir sand\u0131\u011f\u0131n iradesine, halk\u0131n s\u00f6z hakk\u0131na el konuldu. Bu zincirin en karanl\u0131k halkas\u0131 ise 12 Eyl\u00fcl 1980\u2019di. Genelkurmay Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Orgeneral Kenan Evren ve kuvvet komutanlar\u0131 sabaha kar\u015f\u0131 y\u00f6netime el koyduklar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131klar\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye demokrasi defterini bir kez daha kanl\u0131 bir sayfaya \u00e7evirdi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":110169,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-110168","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-yazarlar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mardinhaberyolu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/110168","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mardinhaberyolu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mardinhaberyolu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mardinhaberyolu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mardinhaberyolu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=110168"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/mardinhaberyolu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/110168\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":110170,"href":"https:\/\/mardinhaberyolu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/110168\/revisions\/110170"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mardinhaberyolu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/110169"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mardinhaberyolu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=110168"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mardinhaberyolu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=110168"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mardinhaberyolu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=110168"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}